Respiratory Care

Let’s read an article a month – December 2021

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The cropped screenshot of the first page of the article. It also includes the URL or link to the article.

Every month I read an open-access article and then I share the associated link with my followers. This is to encourage clinicians to read articles, stay up to date, and grow.

This month’s paper tries to “determine students’ perceived self-efficacy, outcome expectations, barriers, and support to attend a Master of Science in Respiratory Care program” p154.

Students’ perceived self-efficacy, expectations, barriers, and support in enrolling in a master’s degree program in respiratory care

By: Vincent Showalter, MSRC, RRT-RCP, Chris Russian, PhD, RRT, RRT-NPS, RPSGT, RST, FAARC, Joshua Gonzales, DHSc RRT-NPS, RRT-SDS, and Arzu Ari, PhD, RRT, PT, CPFT, FAARC, FCCP  

Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy (CJRT) Published online November 29, 2021 

Link to the article: https://www.cjrt.ca/wp-content/uploads/cjrt–2021-020.pdf

I like and support the idea of respiratory therapists growing as individuals and, in turn, improving the field of respiratory therapy.  In my mind, RTs graduate, work for some time and then they may acquire their masters if they are seeking new challenges or a new role.  For example, I know a few RTs who after a few years decided to become Anesthesia Assistants to further specialize in airway management or because they preferred ‘office’ working hours. Some RTs naturally work their way to the managerial role while some decide to study a master’s program to more actively land in managerial or leadership roles.   This article presented to me that there are students who are already planning ahead. Why I didn’t think about that? Perhaps I over-emphasized on barriers such as limitations of money and time.  Maybe it is my thinking that students need to work in the role for about a year to consolidate the learned knowledge and skills from their school training.  Of course, it is a possible path. I just didn’t consider it.  I even know successful and intelligent RTs who studied respiratory therapy after completing their Master’s degree.

Many barriers may prevent students to consider a master’s degree.  An interesting consideration is a comfort in one’s research knowledge. I could see that perspective.  As a practising RT, with a Hons BSc, who tries to read an article a month, I still see an ocean of research related terms, concepts and information to educate myself about. The authors had noted “our results indicate undergraduate research self-efficacy could be improved for the current participants by ensuring early exposure and development of even basic or introductory research abilities and academic writing skills” p157. The authors discuss other solutions that can improve and encourage further education of SRTs.  As always, please take the time to read the article as I cannot touch on all the data and results from the articles.

Happy reading and learning,

Farzad Refahi

December 4th, 2021

https://respiratory.blog/lets-read-an-article-a-month-december-2021/

Let’s read an article a month – November 2021

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The cropped screenshot of the first page of the article. It also includes the URL or link to the article.

Every month I try to read an open-access article. After reading the article, I share the title and associated link with my followers. This is to encourage clinicians to read articles, stay up to date, and continue to grow.

This paper investigated “causal associations to estimate the causal effects of fathers’ smoking initiation in prepuberty (generation G1) and grandmothers’ smoking in pregnancy (generation G0) on offspring’s lung function (generation G2) within the paternal line” (p2).

Prenatal and prepubertal exposures to tobacco smoke in men may cause lower lung function in future offspring: a three-generation study using a causal modelling approach

By: Simone Accordini, Lucia Calciano, Ane Johannessen, Bryndis Benediktsdóttir, Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen, Lennart Bråbäck, Shyamali C. Dharmage, Bertil Forsberg, Francisco Gómez Real, John W. Holloway, Mathias Holm, Christer Janson, Nils O. Jõgi, Rain Jõgi, Andrei Malinovschi, Alessandro Marcon, Jesús Martínez-Moratalla Rovira, José Luis Sánchez-Ramos, Vivi Schlünssen, Kjell Torén, Deborah Jarvis, and Cecilie Svanes.

European Respiratory Journal 2021 58: 2002791; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02791-2020 

Link to the article: https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/58/4/2002791?etoc

Reasons you may find this article interesting:

  • Perhaps not surprising: “Fathers’ smoking initiation in prepuberty was associated with an increased risk for nonallergic asthma in offspring” (p9).
  • Interesting finding from the analyses of the collected data:  “fathers’ overweight onset before 15 years of age had a direct effect on nonallergic asthma in the next generation” (p9).
  • Lastly, check out one of their conclusions:

“Men who initiated smoking before 15 years of age may have offspring with lower lung function compared with men who had never smoked. Grandmothers’smoking in pregnancy may have a negative impact on their sons’ lung function, an effect that could be carried over to their grandchildren. These results support the concept that lifestyle-related exposures in male prepuberty and in pregnancy influence the health of future generations. ”

(p10)

As always, I encourage you to read the article to learn about all the details.

Happy reading and learning,

Farzad Refahi

November 5, 2021

https://respiratory.blog/lets-read-an-article-a-month-November-2021/

2021 RT Week

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My respiratory therapy (RT) week tradition is to sit back, reflect, and thank those who have positively impacted my life and career over the past twelve months.

Please forgive me if I missed including your name in this blog post, as it has been a very unique and unusual year for me.
It has been a bitter-sweet year for sure. We unexpectantly lost my father to a massive heart attack. Also, the RT community lost Kevin Taylor, a great leader and advocate. I want to express eternal gratitude to Kevin Taylor and my father, Mohsen Refahi. My mother, Sherry, and wife, Jessica, have been strong and supportive, and they have my utmost love and respect.
My wife and I had our first child around five weeks ago. I am currently on parental leave and loving every second of it. My wife is a lovely person, and my admiration and respect have grown beyond possible levels. Thank you to the PFT RTs at Markham-Stouffville Hospital for accommodating my time off (with a special thanks to Carolyn Greer).

Respiratory therapists, in all settings and positions, continue to help during this pandemic. I recognize and applaud you for your dedication and hard work!

My online presence is because of followers like you who have taken the time to view and share my content. Thanks for including me in your journey of growth.

John Meloche sponsors my website. Despite his busy schedule and family responsibilities, he does not hesitate to lend a helping hand. So shout out to MeloTel Inc.!

The following individuals have been very kind to me; they include me in different and exciting projects: Carolyn McCoy, Micah Kooperberg, Elizabeth French, Carly Brockington and Andrea White-Markham.

I also recognize the work of RTs in the background who support our profession, including instructors, clinical educators, researchers and administrative staff. Some of the names that come to my mind are Carole Hamp, Kevin Taylor, Andrew West, Paula Smith, Nancy Garvey, and Cheryl Connors.

I have also enrolled in the Clinical Educator certificate program through The Michener Institute. While going through the course content, I recalled three exceptional preceptors I met during my clinical years (2013-2014). While I mentioned them in my final written assignment, they also deserve public recognition: Sandra Said, Ron Boudah, and Gary Ackerman.

Dan Pinard, thanks for taking the time to answer my technical/equipment questions.

Sheery Tse, you continue to remind me of the CE opportunities. I appreciate it!

Deidre Kelly, I appreciate that you made the decision to highlight an RT, and the respiratory therapy field, in York University’s magazine.

Happy RT / RC Week!

Farzad

Let’s read an article a month – October 2021

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The cropped screenshot of the first page of the article. It also includes the URL or link to the article.

Every month I try to read an open-access article. After reading the article, I share the title and associated link with my followers. This is to encourage clinicians to read articles, stay up to date, and continue to grow.

The objective of this paper is to “evaluate respiratory function 4 months after diagnosis in patients who survive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the difference between patients with or without initial lung involvement” (p1).

Medium-term impact of COVID-19 on pulmonary function, functional capacity and quality of life

By: Fabio Anastasio, Sarah Barbuto, Elisa Scarnecchia, Paolo Cosma, Alessandro Fugagnoli, Giulio Rossi, Mirco Parravicini, and Pierpaolo Parravicini.

European Respiratory Journal 2021 58: 2004015; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.04015-2020

Link to the article: https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/58/3/2004015?etoc

Reasons I liked this article

  • The age range for this study was 18 to 80 years old (p2).  Also, a detailed assessment was attained from the subjects, of course post infection, which included SF-12 and IPAQ questionnaires, 6MWT,  and a comprehensive PFT (p2).
  • This study shows “a reduction of respiratory function and exercise capacity secondary to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, mostly in patients who developed ARDS during the acute phase” (p9). 
  • The authors suggest that the data may indicate that “respiratory evaluation does not appear to be necessary in patients without pneumonia and without symptoms. DLCO, 6MWT and plethysmography could be avoided in patients without pneumonia, performing only spirometry with bronchodilator responsiveness testing…In contrast, in patients who developed ARDS, DLCO, 6MWT and complete spirometry could uncover presence of residual pulmonary and functional impairment, with need for respiratory rehabilitation and gradual physical activity “ (p10). 

As always, take the time to read this study. There is a lot of information and data covered in the study which I cannot cover here.  As a disclaimer, continue to follow guidelines for ordering PFTs and providing patient care as recommended by your employer and regulatory body.

Happy reading and learning,

Farzad Refahi

October 6th, 2021

https://respiratory.blog/lets-read-an-article-a-month-october-2021/

Let’s read an article a month – September 2021

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The cropped screenshot of the first page of the article. It also includes the URL or link to the article.

Every month I try to read an open-access article. After reading the article, I share the title and associated link with my followers. This is to encourage clinicians to read articles, stay up to date, and continue to grow.

This month I found a piece on cardiopulmonary exercise capacity and COVID19 recovery. The objective of this paper is to “determine cardiopulmonary function during exercise 3–4 months after hospital discharge for COVID-19 compared with a reference population and to describe the characteristics of participants with exercise limitations. ” p2.

Cardiopulmonary exercise capacity and limitations 3 months after COVID-19 hospitalisation

By: Ingunn Skjørten, Odd Andre Wathne Ankerstjerne, Divna Trebinjac, Eivind Brønstad, Øystein Rasch-Halvorsen, Gunnar Einvik, Tøri Vigeland Lerum, Knut Stavem, Anne Edvardsen, and Charlotte Björk Ingul

European Respiratory Journal 2021 58: 2100996; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00996-2021

Link to the article: https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/58/2/2100996?etoc

The reasons I found this article interesting 

  • Regaining exercise capacity after COVID-19 is an important finding (p7).
  • Brings more weight to self-reported dyspnea as it was “associated with lower ventilatory efficiency and lower V′O2peak·kg−1 due to higher BMI” (p7).
  • In order of relevance: deconditioning, circulatory factors, and ventilatory limitation were the top three exercise limitations (p7).

This is a great article so I encourage you to take the time to read it.  

Happy learning and reading!

Farzad Refahi

September 30, 2021

https://respiratory.blog/lets-read-an-article-a-month-september-2021/