COPD

Let’s Read an Article a Month – August 2023

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The cropped screenshot of the first page of the article. It also includes the URL or link to the article.

Every month I try to read an open-access article. Then, I share the title and associated link with my followers. This is to encourage clinicians to read articles, stay up-to-date, and continue to grow.

This month’s paper aims to investigate “whether cigarette smoke interferes with cytokine- and virus-mediated induction of the immunoproteasome and MHC class I antigen presentation in parenchymal cells of the lung and the consequences thereof” (p2).

Antiviral CD8+ T-cell immune responses are impaired by cigarette smoke and in COPD

By Jie Chen, Xinyuan Wang, Adrian Schmalen, Sophia Haines, Martin Wolff, Huan Ma, Huabin Zhang, Mircea Gabriel Stoleriu, Johannes Nowak, Misako Nakayama, Marta Bueno, Judith Brands, Ana L. Mora, Janet S. Lee, Susanne Krauss-Etschmann, Anna Dmitrieva, Marion Frankenberger, Thomas P. Hofer, Elfriede Noessner, Andreas Moosmann, Jürgen Behr, Katrin Milger, Cornelia A. Deeg, Claudia A. Staab-Weijnitz, Stefanie M. Hauck, Heiko Adler, Torsten Goldmann, Karoline I. Gaede, Jochen Behrends, Ilona E. Kammerl and Silke Meiners

European Respiratory Journal 2023 62: 2201374; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01374-2022
Link to the article: https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/62/2/2201374

“In this study, we demonstrate that cigarette smoke impairs cytokine- and virus-induced upregulation of the immunoproteasome/MHC class I antigen presentation machinery which associates with reduced activation of antiviral CD8+ T-cells. “

(Chen et al., p11)

“The concept that cigarette smoke interferes with effective antiviral CD8+ T-cell immunity was further corroborated by the finding that severe COPD patients with a smoking history had reduced numbers of influenza-specific peripheral CD8+ T-cells compared to lung healthy controls and asthma patients. “

(Chen et al. , p11)

As always, take the time to study the article and learn about all the results and findings. 

Happy reading and learning,

Farzad Refahi

Aug. 12, 2023

Let’s Read an Article a Month – July 2023

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Every month I try to read an open-access article. Then, I share the title and associated link with my followers. This is to encourage clinicians to read articles, stay up-to-date, and continue to grow.

The objective of this month’s paper is to investigate “the association between the full range of gestational ages (GA) and obstructive airway disease (asthma and/or COPD) in early and mid-adulthood, using nationwide data from two Nordic countries” (p2). 

Preterm birth and asthma and COPD in adulthood: a nationwide register study from two Nordic countries 

By: Anna Pulakka, Kari Risnes, Johanna Metsälä, Suvi Alenius, Katriina Heikkilä, Sara Marie Nilsen, Pieta Näsänen-Gilmore, Peija Haaramo, Mika Gissler, Signe Opdahl and Eero Kajantie.

European Respiratory Journal 2023 61: 2201763; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01763-2022

Link to the article:  https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/61/6/2201763

n=(Finland, born 1987-1998: 706,717 and Norway, born 1967-1999: 1,669,528)

“ Adults born preterm are more often treated in specialist care for obstructive airway diseases, including both asthma and COPD, compared to individuals born full term. The higher risk is extended to those born late preterm and early term and is higher for those who received a  bronchopulmonary dysplasia diagnosis in infancy or who were born SGA. Preterm birth should be recognised as a risk factor for obstructive airway diseases in adulthood, and full medical history for people presenting with respiratory symptoms should include key perinatal data such as birth weight, gestational age and key pregnancy conditions.”

page 10

As always, take the time to study the article and learn about all the results and findings. 

Happy reading and learning,

Farzad Refahi

July 18th, 2023

https://respiratory.blog/lets-read-an-article-a-month-July-2023/

Let’s read an article a month – April 2022

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The cropped screenshot of the first page of the article. It also includes the URL or link to the article.

Every month I read an open-access article. I share the title and associated link with my followers to encourage clinicians to read more articles, stay up to date, and continue to grow.

The objective of this month’s paper is to  “discover whether there is any difference for Trelegy as compared with multiple inhalers use for adherence, symptoms, medication beliefs, and medication attitudes” (p45).

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients’ experience using Trelegy as compared with other inhalers

By Hyfaa Mashaal, Joshua Fogel, Najia Sayedy, Ruchi Jalota Sahota and Jagadish Akella.

Can J Respir Ther Vol 58. Published online at https://www.cjrt.ca on 25 March 2022

Link to the article: https://www.cjrt.ca/wp-content/uploads/cjrt-2021-041.pdf

A few notes about this article

  • This article provides a quick review of COPD and Trelegy ( Fluticasone furotate, umeclidinium and vilanterol) (pp 44-45).
  • I was surprised to see that there was an increased reported symptoms with Trelegy, and no difference with inhaler adherence when compared to the other medication groups (p 46).  
  • Very important to mention that this is a small sample study. The authors do state that different findings were observed with larger sample size studies;  Check out number 27 and 28 items under the reference list:
    • 27. Yu AP, Guérin A, Ponce de Leon D, et al. Therapy persistence and adherence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: multiple versus single long-acting maintenance inhalers. J Med Econ 2011;14(4):486–96. doi: 10.3111/13696998.2011.594123.
    • 28. Brandstetter S, Finger T, Fischer W, et al. Differences in medication adherence are associated with beliefs about medicines in asthma and COPD. Clin Transl Allergy 2017;7:39. Doi: 10.1186/s13601- 017-0175-6. 

Happy reading and learning,

Farzad Refahi

April 1st, 2022

https://respiratory.blog/lets-read-an-article-a-month-april-2022/

Let’s read an article a month – January 2022

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The cropped screenshot of the first page of the article. It also includes the URL or link to the article.

Every month I read an open-access article. Then, I share the title and associated link with my followers. This is to encourage clinicians to read more articles, stay up to date, and continue to grow.

The coexistence of asthma and COPD: risk factors, clinical history and lung function trajectories

By: Alessandro Marcon, Francesca Locatelli, Shyamali C. Dharmage, Cecilie Svanes, Joachim Heinrich, Bénédicte Leynaert, Peter Burney, Angelo Corsico, Gulser Caliskan, Lucia Calciano, Thorarinn Gislason, Christer Janson, Deborah Jarvis, Rain Jõgi, Theodore Lytras, Andrei Malinovschi, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Kjell Toren, Lidia Casas, Giuseppe Verlato, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, and Simone Accordini on behalf of the Ageing Lungs in European Cohorts (ALEC) study

European Respiratory Journal 2021 58: 2004656; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.04656-2020

Link to the article: https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/erj/58/5/2004656.full.pdf

The reasons I found this article interesting 

A detailed study with around 20 years of medical history. A large number of individuals [14864, 9251 and 6122, respectively in ECRHS I, II and III who underwent clinical examinations, from 23 centres] (p4).  Useful observations were presented based on past asthma, current asthma, asthma + COPD, and COPD alone. A recommended article to students, new RRTs and even experienced clinicians.  There are many results, findings and conclusions that I cannot cover in a post. As always, I recommend that you read the full article for yourself.

”Lung function decline for subjects with asthma + COPD could have been mitigated by long-term anti-inflammatory treatment. “ (p9).

“The coexistence of asthma and COPD  seems to be a form of severe asthma with severe asthma with origins early in life, as opposed to COPD alone, which is more linked to adult exposures.”  (p10).

”…COPD without concomitant features of asthma seems predominantly linked to adult-life toxic inhalant exposures.  Exposure avoidance (e.g. through smoking cessation and reduction of pollution exposure in occupational settings) may be particularly beneficial against the development of the “pure COPD” phenotype…” (p10).

Happy reading and learning.

Farzad Refahi

January 01, 2022

Link to the blog post: https://respiratory.blog/lets-read-an-article-a-month-January-2022/

Let’s read an article a month – March 2021

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The cropped screenshot of the first page of the article. It also includes the URL or link to the article.

Every month I try to read an open-access article. After reading the article, I share the title and associated link with my followers. This is to encourage clinicians to read articles, stay up to date, and continue to grow.

This article is about COPD and COPD exacerbation. The authors describe the objectives of this paper as following: 

 The first objective of this study was to evaluate whether the data from the ECLIPSE and SPIROMICS studies support the presence of an individual-specific, underlying AECOPD rate which is stable over time. The second objective was to explore, based on the findings from the first objective, the randomness of observed AECOPD counts in a 12-month period, in order to determine the suitability of this factor for phenotypic classification.

p2

Should the number of acute exacerbations in the previous year be used to guide treatments in COPD?

By: Mohsen Sadatsafavi, James McCormack, John Petkau, Larry D. Lynd, Tae Yoon Lee, Don D. Sin

European Respiratory Journal (ERJ) 2021 57: 2002122; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02122-2020

Link to the journal ERJ: https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/57/2/2002122?etoc

Direct link to the article (pdf):  https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/erj/57/2/2002122.full.pdf

Reasons I enjoyed reading this article

  • It makes you appreciate the complexity involved in predicting future COPD exacerbation.  It is not as simple as looking at a patient’s number of exacerbations in the previous year.
  • The ECLIPSE and SPIROMICS studies are looked at and comments are made about the “difference” in findings.  
  • It is always nice to see the work of Canadian clinicians and researchers! 

Read the article and let me know what you think!  What are the factors used by your organization to predict and prevent future COPD exacerbations? 

Happy learning and reading!

Farzad Refahi

March 28, 20201 

https://respiratory.blog/lets-read-an-article-a-month-march-2021/